TheAmerican Psychological Associationis the la Essays -

TheAmerican Psychological Associationis the largest scientific and professional organization ofpsychologistsin theUnited States, with around 117,500 members including scientists, educators, clinicians, consultants, and students. The APA has different interest covering different topics ofpsychology. It is a notional educating and targeting schools doctors and the general audiences. The specific article the I gathered from APA focusses on sexual orientation specifically in the youth from ages 13, 14 which it emphasizes that a young adult does not need to go through puberty but rather have a nurturing home which her or she can develop in. the way it pushed to the reader was by making a study in 2005 that watched 10 young adolescents' and it gathered information by observing the children in a real home that argued that neutering home was more important rather than going through puberty. The study that they made was the only study of its kind for 8 years therefore making it one of the mos t important study's for the APA. The APA is a nationally recognized organotin and state recognized therefore making it one of the most important originations in America. What I found very interesting was it sated a fact that it was a nonbiest point of view when they reached to their conclusion they never recognized or attacked certain groups of the youth by clamming any facts towards one specific group unlike Richard Green MD said that if a mail showed any signs of female traits' that the guy would most likely end up gay. this article was published in 2008 Washington DC which does not affect their credentials do the APA constantly updating their sources and articles. The way this helps my research would be that it has its own perspective on neuter side of my question the article it focusses on the nurture side of my question instead like my other articles they basie their research more on age and puberty. This article states that if a home is neutering matter what the age the child will always go through a smother process to finding what their sexual orientation is. The way it compares to the other articles is basing it on two factors nurture and nature no matter what the study is.

The National Terrorism Advisory System Essay Example

The National Terrorism Advisory System Essay Example The National Terrorism Advisory System Essay The National Terrorism Advisory System Essay Running head: National Terrorism Advisory System The National Terrorism Advisory System Abstract As part of a series of initiatives to improve coordination and communication among all levels of government and the American public, the Homeland Security Advisory System (HSAS) was created. This advisory system was the foundation for building a comprehensive and effective communications structure to give information regarding the risk of terrorist attacks. This system was revised at a later date and became the Nation Terrorism Advisory System. Homeland Security Advisory System In March of 2002, President George W. Bush signed Presidential Directive3 which created the Homeland Security Advisory System (HSAS). This advisory system was the foundation for building a comprehensive and effective communications structure to give information regarding the risk of terrorist attacks to those at all levels of government as well as the American public. It was color coordinated with five levels: Blue (low), Green (Guarded), yellow (Elevated), orange (high), and red (Severe). These were meant to identify the risk of a terrorist attack. The different levels triggered pecific actions by federal agencies and state and local governments, and they affected the level of security at some airports and other public facilities. Actions included increasing police and other security presence at landmarks and other high- profile targets, a closer monitoring of international borders and other points of entry, and ensuring that emergency response personnel were ready to respond if needed. The published terror alert notices urged American citizens, to be vigilant, take notice of their surroundings, and report suspicious items or activities to local authorities immediately. The problem with this color coded system was that the level never went higher than orange and there was no end date or time as to when that threat level would no longer be active. Another problem was that each and every time the threat level was raised, very rarely did the public know the reason, how to proceed, or for how long to be on alert. As a result this left the public feeling more scared than prepared (Staff, 2011). Most of the American public found this system to be very conTuslng. cnanges tnat were mace On April 20, 2011 , Secretary of Homeland Security Janet Napolitano announced that here would be an updated version of the advisory system that would be implemented by the Department of Homeland Security. This update would be called the National Terrorism Advisory System (NTAS). The NTAS is a robust terrorism advisory system that provides timely information to the public about credible terrorist threats and replaces the former color-coded alert system (Chronology of Changes to the Homeland Security Advisory System). The main differences were, they removed the color code system and instead replaced it with two terms; Elevated Threat Alert, and Imminent Threat Alert. An Elevated Threat warns of a credible terrorist threat against the United States whereas an Imminent Threat warns of a credible, specific, and impending terrorist threat against the United States (NTAS Guide April 20 2011, 2011) . Under NTAS, DHS will coordinate with other federal agencies to issue detailed alerts to the public when the federal government receives information about a credible terrorist threat. Depending on the nature of the threat, alerts may be sent to law enforcement, distributed to affected areas of the private ector, or issued more broadly to the public through both official and social media channels. Theses alerts were to include a clear statement using the most up to date information. It may also include specific information, if available, about the nature of the threat, including the geographic region, mode of transportation, or critical infrastructure potentially affected by the threat, thus providing a concise summary of the potential threat and about actions being implemented to ensure public safety, and recommended steps that communities, business and governments can take to espond to the threat (NTAS Guide April 20, 2011). Another change that was implemmented was the Sunset Provision. This meant that an inidviual threat alert would only be issued for a specific time period and then expire. No longer would there be a constant alert or blanket warning that there is a possible threat. Unless new information was learned or the threat evolved, the threat alert would expire on the spcified date. If however there was a change in information and the alert had to be extended, the Secretary of Homeland Security would announce an updated NTAS alert. All other changes, including the cancelation of an alert, would be dispersed the same was as the original alert. The Secretary of Homeland Security will announce the threat alerts publically. Alerts will simultaneously be posted at DHS. gov/alerts and released to the news media for distribution. The Department of Homeland Security will also distribute alerts across its social media channels, including the Departments blog, Twitter stream, Facebook page, and RSS feed ( NTAS Guide April 20 2011, 2011). The NTAS realizes that all Americans help with the responsibility of the nations security. As such, citizens should be aware of the risk of a terrorist attack and thus should report any and all suspicious activity their local law enforcement. In order to properly understand what suspicious activity is, the campaign of If you see something, say something was formed. Factors such as race, ethnicity, national origin, or religious affiliation alone are not suspicious. For that reason, the public should report only suspicious behavior and situations (e. g. , an unattended backpack In a puDllc place or someone trylng to DreaK Into a restrlctea area) ratner tnan eliefs, thoughts, ideas, expressions, associations, or speech unrelated to terrorism or other criminal activity. References NTAS Guide April 20 2011. (2011, April). National Terrorism Advisory System Public Guide. Chronology of Changes to the Homeland Security Advisory System. (n. d. ). Retrieved from Official website of the Department of Homeland Security: https://www. dhs. gov/ homeland-security-advisory-system Staff, C. W. (2011, January 26). CNN Politics. Retrieved from CNN: cnn. com/ 2011 POLITICS/OI /26/threat. level. system. change/

How to Write a Novel Writing an AMAZING Book in 15 Steps

How to Write a Novel Writing an AMAZING Book in 15 Steps How to Write a Novel in 15 Steps Much like learning to ride a bike, the best way to learn how to write a novel is by just doing it. Unlike saddling up on a Schwinn for the first time, however, writing a novel can’t be accomplished in one hot summer’s day. It requires good doses of commitment and perseverance. As Octavia Butler put it: â€Å"You don’t start out writing good stuff. You start out writing crap and thinking it’s good stuff, and then gradually you get better at it. That’s why I say one of the most valuable traits is persistence.†This post will break up the 15 major steps of writing a novel into bite-sized pieces, organized in three categories - before, during, and after you write your manuscript. Those steps are as follows:How to Write a Novel: Working with readers is important, because during the writing process authors can often become blind to certain issues like plot holes, lack of continuity, exposition dumps, etc. Beta readers can help you iron these things out before you publish your novel - and you get the exact same feedback, only in a negative user review on Amazon which everyone can see.For more information on where to find beta readers and tips for getting the most out of working with them, head here. And if you're curious about sensitivity readers and what they do, go here.15. Hire a professional editorOne of the most important parts of getting a novel ready for publication is to: hire an editor. It might not be the cheapest investment, but when you think of the many hours you’ve spent getting your novel to this point, the cost of getting an expert to fine-tune and polish your story is likely worth it.Here are a few types of editors you might want to consider working with:Developmental Editor. If youâ⠂¬â„¢re planning to hire multiple editors once you finish your manuscript, it’s best to start with a developmental one. They will provide a holistic and in-depth review of your novel,   giving you feedback on everything from problematic characterization to sentence structure.Copyediting. A copyeditor has a more zero’d-in approach than developmental editor. They will make sure that the â€Å"copy† - the actual language used in your novel - is perfect, keeping an eye out for things like bad grammar, repetition of certain words, or spelling mistakes.Proofreading. Typically the last stage of editing, proofing provides your manuscript with a final polish, making sure it puts its best foot forward when it hits the presses. A proofreader will ensure that every word in your novel is spelt correctly and that every sentence is grammatically correct, clearly marking any errors they find.Learn more about what each type of editing consists of here.Now, how about that pri ce tag we mentioned? Well, the cost of professional editing will depend on a number of variables: the type of editing you need, the specific editor you hire, and your books length, to start.But to give you a general idea, here are the potential costs of editing a 60,000-word manuscript:Developmental Editing: $1,440Copy Editing: $1,020Proofreading: $600Check out our post for more information on the costs of editing - and even try out our pricing calculator by entering the word count for your novel and genre. Step by step: tackle writing a novel in bite-sized pieces And there you have it, 15 steps that will take you from â€Å"one day I’ll write a novel† to â€Å"today I finished writing my first novel.† During the process, the perfect title for your book may have come to you. If not, finding the perfect moniker for your story will likely be a last - and important! - step. But don’t worry, we’re not going to leave you hanging. Check out our book title generator and generate titles based on your genre until you find the one.What step of the process do you typically get stuck on? What advice might you have for other writers currently struggling to get their novel going? Leave any thoughts or questions in the comments below!

The Short ID Exam Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Short ID Exam - Assignment Example 1.Normative Sources These are sources of information that offer guides on the ethical/correct way of doing something. There are three normative sources in Islam: The Qur’an, the hadiths, and classical Islamic law. 2.Historiography This is the study of materials written by Muslim historians on the events of the early Islamic period. 3. The five Pillars of Islam These are the obligations that every Muslim should live by. They are prayer (Salat), faith (Shahadah), concern for the needy (Zakat), fasting (Sawm), and pilgrimage to Mecca (Hajj). 4. Caliphate This is an Islamic political-religious leadership that centered on a successor (Caliph/Khalifah) to Prophet Muhammad. 5. Hadith These are sacred collections containing records of sayings and conduct of Prophet Muhammad. 6.Turkic Migrations The general movement of people from Central Asia resulting in the expansion of the Turkic Tribes in the Middle East and Europe 7.Muhammad al-Khwarizmi A Persian mathematician renowned for his c ontributions to mathematics, more so Algebra. 8. Pax Mongolica A period of peace and stability after the conquest of the Mongolian Empire 9.Sha Ismail Safavi Shah of Iran between 1502 and 1524 and founder of Persia’s Safavid Empire. He also played a major role in overseeing the dominance of the Twelver branch of Shia Islam over Ismaili.

Journalism should not be just a trade , it should be a crusade Essay

Journalism should not be just a trade , it should be a crusade . should journalists have a moral responsibility to stand up fo - Essay Example As we all know,  information is power, and if this power is concentrated into the hands of only a few, may lead to inappropriate handling or abuse of the power. It is for this reason, shared power is a safer option for the benefit of the entire society, and it is here that the journalists play the important role of redistributing this power of information. Since journalists have the task of redistributing information, in the process, they may partake in some of the power which is associated with information, and it is here that the role of ethics and responsibilities comes into play. Ethics is a form of commitment where one pledges not to abuse power, and to use the accorded freedom with responsibility, which is never an easy task. There is always an underlying tension between the ethics of freedom and responsibility. Here the dynamics between these two contending ethical factors in respect to an individual or a society can be divided into two main perspectives. The libertarian per spective (of the Enlightenment era), gives more emphasis on the freedom of an individual or the rational being. This perspective has been always prevalent in the US form of journalism, where the press has been accorded complete freedom, at least theoretically. The other view is the communitarian perspective, which emphasises on establishing social or  community connections, with certain responsibilities on both sides, which was clearly outlined in the Hutchins Commission on Freedom of the Press  published in 1947. The report brought in the theory of ‘social responsibility,’ where the press was said to be under moral obligations to work for the general well being of the society; and the modern concept of ‘civic journalism movement’ was formed, based on these guidelines as given in the Commission (Nerone, 1995, 77-100). In this article, I will examine the various theories of journalism, and will analyse, to come to a conclusion as to whether the journalis ts should have a moral responsibility to stand up for the weak against the powerful within a society? Discussion Ethics and journalism: Ethics is the process of analysing and evaluating certain facts and situations, and identifying the correct conduct in the light of the various principles and the prevalent social and religious norms of a particular time. Here the basic question does not simply end at asking as to how one can live well, but also puts in the question as to how one should live by the rules of one’s ethics, while foregoing some of the personal advantages, and even face persecution, as he carries on with his ethical duties. Ethical reasoning is often based on personal interpretations, as one examines and changes his principles, in view of the available new types of information and technology, and new social conditions (Ward, 2007). Ethics thus encompasses both the aspects of theoretical and one’s personal practical reasoning. As regards theoretical reasoni ng, ethics is the study of the various existing forms of ethics, and the types of prevalent ethical reasoning, and of the neutrality of the moral/ ethical principles. In case of practical reasoning, ethics is â€Å"applied ethics,† or the application of the ethical principles to check their suitability in the various dimensions of life domains like while dealing with scientific research, professional work, and also in corporate governance (Dimock & Tucker, 2004). Journalism is a type of ‘applied ethics,’ which involves the analysis and the application of

Vodafone And Airtel And Customer Satisfation Marketing Essay

Vodafone And Airtel And Customer Satisfation Marketing Essay The Indian Telecommunications network with 110.01 million connections is the fifth largest in the world and the second largest among the emerging economies of Asia. Today, it is the fastest growing market in the world and represents unique opportunities for U.S. companies in the stagnant global scenario. The total subscriber base, which has grown by 40% in 2005, is expected to reach 250 million in 2007. According to Broadband Policy 2004, Government of India aims at 9 million broadband connections and 18 million internet connections by 2007. The wireless subscriber base has jumped from 33.69 million in 2004 to 62.57 million in FY2004- 2005. In the last 3 years, two out of every three new telephone subscribers were wireless subscribers. Consequently, wireless now accounts for 54.6% of the total telephone subscriber base, as compared to only 40% in 2003. Wireless subscriber growth is expected to bypass 2.5 million new subscribers per month by 2007. The wireless technologies currently i n use are Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) and Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA). There are primarily 9 GSM and 5 CDMA operators providing mobile services in 19 telecom circles and 4 metro cities, covering 2000 towns across the country. Vodafone Group plc is a global telecommunications company headquartered in Newbury, United Kingdom. It is the worlds largest mobile telecommunications company measured by revenues and the worlds second-largest measured by subscribers (behind China Mobile), with around 332 million proportionate subscribers as at 30 September 2010. It operates networks in over 30 countries and has partner networks in over 40 additional countries. It owns 45% of Verizon Wireless, the largest mobile telecommunications company in the United States measured by subscriber The name Vodafone comes from voice data fone, chosen by the company to reflect the provision of voice and data services over mobile phones Its primary listing is on the London Stock Exchange and it is a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index. It had a market capitalization of approximately  £92 billion as of November 2010, making it the third largest company on the London Stock Exchange. It has a secondary listing on NASDAQ.In 1980, Sir Ernes t Harrison OBE, chairman of Racal Electronics plcs, the UKs largest maker of military radio technology, agreed a deal with Lord Weinstocks of General Electric Company plc to allow Racal to access some of GECs tactical battlefield radio technology. Briefing the head of Racals military radio division Gerry Whent to drive the company into commercial mobile radio, Whent visited GEs factory in Virginia USA in 1980. In 1982, Racals newly formed subsidiary Racal Strategic Radio Ltd under CEO When, won one of two UK cellular telephone network licenses; the other going to British Telecom The network, known as Racal Vodafone was 80% owned by Racal, Millicom with 15% and Hambros Technology Trust 5% respectively. Vodafone was launched on 1 January 1985Racal Strategic Radio was renamed Racal Telecommunications Group Limited in 1985. On 29 December 1986, Racal Electronics bought out the minority shareholders of Vodafone for GB £110 million. Under stock market pressure to realize full value for shareholders (the mobile unit was being valued at the same amount as the whole Racal group), in September 1988, the company was again renamed Racal Telecom, and on 26 October 1988, Racal Electronics floated 20% of the company. The flotation valued Racal Telecom at GB £1.7 billion. On 16 September 1991, Racal Telecom was demerged from Racal Electronics as Vodafone Group. In July 1996, Vodafone acquired the two thirds of Talk land it did not already own for  £30.6 million. On 19 November 1996, in a defensive move, Vodafone purchased Peoples Phone for  £77 million, a 181 store chain whose customers were overwhelmingly using Vodafones network. In a similar move the company acquired the 80% of Astec Communications that it did not own, a service provider with 21 stores. In 1997, Vodafone introduced its Speech mark logo, as it is a quotation mark in a circle; the Os in the Vodafone logotype are opening and closing quotation marks, suggesting conversation. untitled.bmp Bharathi Airtel Sunil Bharti Mittal founded the Bharti Group. In 1983, Sunil Mittal was into an agreement with Germanys Siemens to manufacture the companys push-button telephone models for the Indian market. In 1986, Sunil Bharti Mittal incorporated Bharti Telecom Limited (BTL) and his company became the first in India to offer push-button telephones, establishing the basis of Bharti Enterprises. This first-mover advantage allowed Sunil Mittal to expand his manufacturing capacity elsewhere in the telecommunications market. By the early 1990s, Sunil Mittal had also launched the countrys first fax machines and its first cordless telephones. In 1992, Sunil Mittal won a bid to build a cellular phone network in Delhi. In 1995, Sunil Mittal incorporated the cellular operations as Bharti Tele-Ventures and launched service in Delhi. In 1996, cellular service was extended to Himachal Pradesh. In 1999, Bharti Enterprises acquired control of JT Holdings, and extended cellular operations to Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh. In 2000, Bharti acquired control of Skycell Communications, in Chennai. In 2001, the company acquired control of Spice Cell in Calcutta. Bharti Enterprises went public in 2002, and the company was listed on Mumbai Stock Exchange and National Stock Exchange of India. In 2003, the cellular phone operations were rebranded under the single Airtel brand. In 2004, Bharti acquired control of Hexacom and entered Rajasthan. In 2005, Bharti extended its network to Andaman and Nicobar. In 2009, Airtel launched its first international mobile network in Sri Lanka. In 2010, Airtel began operating in Bangladesh and 16 African countries. Today, Airtel is the largest cellular service provider in India and fifth largest in the world. Aims and objectives: To see whether the customer of Vodafone and airtel are satisfied or not? To find out which telecom company have good plans of value added service and what type of plans subscriber like. Methodology: A survey was conducted on the customers of Vodafone and airtel . Personal interaction was made while conducting the survey. The primary data source includes that Final questionnaire filled by 100 customers. The Questioners include following: Close ended questions. Open ended questions. Suggestions of the customers. All the respondents were asked their own suggestions and they are mentioned after the responses. The secondary data sources were Internet, Broachers, gallery etcà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Problem Statement: There was a need to know the present position of the Vodafone and airtel telecommunication service provider and to know the level of the customer satisfaction. This will help out to both telecommunication service provider companies to improve their customers next visit and to retain in the Business Research Objective: Customer Satisfaction for Vodafone and Airtel Background: The report is based on the data collected from the customers, who are the users of Vodafone and Airtel also. Pilot Sampling: A Pilot Survey was conducted on 20 Respondents of customers of Vodafone and airtel. The aim of this Pilot Survey to get an idea of the question that can be asked in main questionnaire Survey and It also help out me in creating the options in the main questionnaire survey. Sampling Size: The Sample size was 100Respondents, who the users of both Vodafone and Airtel and are students of my college. The survey was conducted in my college premises only. Target Audience: Students who are using Vodafone as well as airtel service. Analysis Sms pack Which telecommunication service do you use? Conclusion: Above Pie-chart speaks about both customers are using airtel as well as Vodafone. 2) Do you use SMS pack service on your cell phone? Conclusion: Above pie chart speak about most of the 95% customer are using sms pack and 5% are not using sms pack. 3) Which companys SMS packing service do you use? Conclusion: Above Pie-chart speaks about both customers are using airtel as well as Vodafone. What influenced you to activate SMS service on: Conclusion :(Airtel) Above pie chat speak about that 77% customer come to know from the friend,12% come to know from the schemes,8% come to know from the advertisement and 3% come to know from the any other (brochers,banner etc) Conclusion :(Vodafone) Above pie chat speak about that 70% customer come to know from the friend,15% come to know from the schemes,11% come to know from the advertisement and 4% come to know from the any other (brochers,banner etc) 5)Which SMS pack service have you experienced using on: Airtel Vodafone Rs 9 (40 all loc sms) 1 day Rs 4( 100locnat sms) 1day Rs 24(5000 all loc+std sms) 10day Rs 10(50loc%nat sms) 10day Rs 67(15000 all loc+td sms)30 day Rs15 (75 loc%nat sms) 15day Rs 26(5000loc%nat sms) 10day Rs 36(1000loc%nat sms) 30day Rs 66(15000loc%nat sms) 30day Conclusion: Above table speak about list of sms pack service that airtel and Vodafone customer have experience before. 6)Which SMS pack schemes do you use currently on: Airtel Vodafone Rs 67(15000 all loc+std sms)30 day Rs 66(15000loc%nat sms) 30day Conclusion: Above table speak about most of airtel customer are currently using Rs 67(15000 all loc+std sms)30 day and most of the Vodafone customer are currently using Rs66(15000loc%nat sms) 30day . 7) How often do you activate SMS schemes on your mobile? Conclusion: Above line graph speak about 63% of customer are often are using activate SMS schemes on mobile,19% of customer are frequently activate SMS schemes on mobile,6% of customer are once a month activate SMS schemes on mobile,7% of customer are once 3 month activate SMS schemes on mobile and ,5% of customer are once a 6 months activate SMS schemes on mobile. 8) What do you think about the pricing of these SMS packs? Airtel: ok Vodafone: very good and excellent. Do you think that SMS pack service of Airtel is better than that of Vodafone? Conclusion: Above pie chart speak about 15% customers has said that sms pack service of airtel is better then of Vodafone and 85% said that sms pack service of Vodafone is better then airtel. How satisfied are you with the SMS pack service provided by Airtel? Conclusion: Above line graph speak about 15% customers of airtel are highly satisfied on sms pack service,25% customers of airtel are satisfied on sms pack,10% customers of airtel are neither satisfied nor dissatisfied on sms pack , 20%customers of airtel are dissatisfied on sms packand 30%customers of airtel are highly dissatisfied on sms pack service. How satisfied are you with the SMS pack service provided by Vodafone? Conclusion: Above line graph speak about 50% customers of airtel are highly satisfied,40% customers of airtel are satisfied,5% customers of airtel are neither satisfied nor dissatisfied , 3%customers of airtel are dissatisfied and 2%customers of airtel are highly dissatisfied. 12) According to you SMS pack service of which telecom service provider is better? Conclusion: Above line graph speak about 75% customer are said that Vodafone is better then airtel and 25% of airtel customer said that airtel is better then Vodafone. 13) Do you have any complaints? Airtel: No proper range High price Less awareness Messages pending mostly Vodafone: Increase validity of sms pack 14) Which service providers SMS pack service will you recommend to others in future? Conclusion: Above pie chart speak about that 71% of customers will recommend to Vodafone only in future, 24%% of customers will recommend to airtel only in future, and 5% for the both. Night calling Do you use Night calling service on your cell phone? Conclusion: Above pie chart speak about most of the 61% customer are using night calling pack and 39% are not using night calling pack. If yes then, which companys Night calling service do you use? Conclusion: Above pie chart speak about 5% of customers are using airtel only, 10% of customers are using Vodafone, and 85% of customers are using both. What influenced you to activate Night calling service on: Conclusion :(Airtel) Above pie chat speak about that 78% customer come to know from the friend,15% come to know from the schemes,5% come to know from the advertisement and 2% come to know from the any other (brochers,banner etc) Conclusion :(Vodafone) Above pie chat speak about that 70% customer come to know from the friend,15% come to know from the schemes,11% come to know from the advertisement and 4% come to know from the any other (brochers,banner etc) Which Night calling schemes do you use currently on: Airtel Vodafone Rs 28(300 night loc airtel min) 5 day Rs 22(175 loc Vodafone night min) 15 day Conclusion: Above table speak about most of airtel customer are currently using Rs 28(300 night loc airtel min) 5 day and most of the Vodafone customer are currently using Rs 22(175 loc Vodafone night min) 15 day. How often do you activate Night calling scheme on your mobile? Conclusion: Above line graph speak about 41% of customer are often are using activate night calling pack on mobile,52% of customer are frequently activate night calling pack on mobile,3% of customer are once a month activate night calling pack on mobile,2% of customer are once 3 month activate night calling pack on mobile and ,1% of customer are once a 6 months activate night calling pack on mobile. What do you think about the pricing of these Nights calling scheme? Ok satisfied Good Very good Attractive Do you think that Night calling scheme of Airtel is better than that of Vodafone? Conclusion: Above pie chart speak about 8% customers has said that night calling pack of airtel is better then of Vodafone and 92% said that night calling pack of Vodafone is better then airtel. How satisfied are you with the Night calling service provided by Airtel? Conclusion: Above line graph speak about 2% customers of airtel are highly satisfied with night calling service,10% customers of airtel are satisfied with night calling service ,26% customers of airtel are neither satisfied nor dissatisfied with night calling service , 57%customers of airtel are dissatisfied and 5%customers of airtel are highly dissatisfied with night calling service. How satisfied are you with the Night calling service provided by Vodafone? Conclusion: Above line graph speak about 64% customers of Vodafone are highly satisfied with night calling service,27% customers of Vodafone are satisfied with night calling service ,4% customers of Vodafone are neither satisfied nor dissatisfied with night calling service , 3%customers of Vodafone are dissatisfied and 2%customers of Vodafone are highly dissatisfied with night calling service. According to you Night calling service of which telecom service provider is better? Conclusion: Above line graph speak about 78% customer are said that night calling service of Vodafone is better then airtel and 22% of customer said that night calling service of airtel is better then Vodafone. Do you have any complaints: Airtel: no range, no clarity, price Vodafone: no. its ok and excellent. Which service providers Night calling pack service will you recommend to others in future? Conclusion: Above line graph speak about 3% of customer will recommended to airtel night calling pack service provider , 89% of customer will recommended to Vodafone as a night calling pack service provider and 8% of customers will recommended to both service providers. 13) Your suggestions to: Airtel :__________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ Vodafone : __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ CONCLUSION AND LEARNING To end my project report, I would like to say that it was a really great experience working with Vodafone and airtel telecom industry Through this Internship I gained a lot of knowledge in this Project. It was a great experience to interact with the customers of Vodafone and airtel. Finally I want say thanks to the Vodafone and Airtel executive officer for allowing me to gain valuable information, for giving me an opportunity to conduct this study. From the above research I have done I can conclude that Vodafone is much better than airtel and hence airtel needs to work hard and get better. Specially about the sms packs, the pending messages which irritate the customers and the range at night. RECOMMENDATIONS/SUGGESTIONS Sms pack For Vodafone The validity for the sms pack should be increased as the customers those who are sending sms regularly are facing problem. More messages should be offer to customers for less money For Airtel Messages pending Slow delivery is there. So try to increase the speed. Easy service More messages should be offer to customers for less money More advertising should be done in order attract the customers. Night calling Vodafone:- Increase timings hours from (10.00pm to 8.00am) firstly it was (11.00pm to 8.00am) Reduce the price Validity should be increase. Should improve the scheme for night calling Airtel: Range problem. So set up a good range towers Promote your services to maximum end customers More advertising /promotion should be done in order attract the customers. Increase timings hours from (10.00pm to 8.00am) first it was (11.00pm to 6.00am) Bibliography Website: www.vodafone.in www.airtel.com www.google.com

Issues in the Correctional Systems of the United States Essay

I have chosen to research the correctional system of the United States for many reasons. The first reason is that I believe this component of the legal system has the most problems facing it. Another reason is that this topic interests me and I would like to learn more about it. There are many important issues, challenges and problems within the United States correctional system that need to be addressed. I found it difficult to focus on just three issues. The first problem I will discuss in my paper will be the issue of the growing population in the prisons. Prisons are overcrowded and murderers who have served barely half of their sentence are being released because the state facility needs their beds for other inmates. The second issue that I will discuss is prisoners and drugs; including, drug addicted prisoners and drug treatment prisoners. The third issue that I will talk about also pertains to drugs and deals with the problem of drug trafficking in prisons. The first component of the United States correctional system that I have chose to discuss is the problem caused by overcrowded prisons. This is an important topic because overcrowded facilities are a huge problem in America and are very detrimental to society. Prisoners who have been convicted of murder, but have shown good behavior while in prison, are being released with not even serving half of their sentence. The parole board is releasing these prisoners because space is needed for other prisoners coming in. What if, that prisoner that was released early because of overcrowded prisons had killed a member of your family and might now go kill someone else? Wouldn’t that make you a little upset with our system? There are many reasons why prisons in the United States are so overcrowded. To understand overcrowdedness one must first understand how expensive it is to build and maintain these correctional facilities. In 1993 the average cost to keep just one inmate incarcerated for a year was over $14,000 (Gaines, 1999). State courts convicted 872,217 felons during 1995 and one-third of the convictions were for drug offenses. 26% of all convicted felons were sentenced to local jails, usually for less than a year, and 45% were sentenced to state prisons. The remaining 29% were sentenced to probation with no jail or prison time to serve (Currie, 1998). Felons sentenced to state prison in 1994 were sentenced to an average of about six years but were most likely to serve just two of those six years, under the current release policies (Bender, 1998). There are many reasons why prisons became so overcrowded between 1985 and 1998. These factors include a 12.3 average annual increase in the number of Hispanic inmates, a 91% rise in admissions, a decline in the annual release rates, and a sharp rise in violent offenders among white inmates therefore keeping them in prisons longer (Jacobs, 1995). A lot of the increases were due to drug convictions. From 1985 to 1992 there was a 33% increase in the number of blacks sent to state prisons for violent offenses compared to a 27% increase in the number of whites. A similar increase in both incarcerated blacks and whites occurred for property crimes. However, for drug crimes, 94% more blacks were sent to prison from 1988 to 1992, while only 35% more whites were incarcerated (Cose, 2000). The nations courts are sentencing and admitting more offenders into America’s prisons than the facilities can hold. At the beginning of 1995, 39 states were under court order to relieve overcrowding (Currie, 1998). The way to address overcrowding is to build more prisons and maybe try to rehabilitate these felons a bit more. The 1995 census found that state and federal officials built 213 new prisons – 168 state and federal facilities with more than 280,000 beds between 1990-1995 to keep up with the growing prison population (Jacobs, 1997). In 1995 18 correction agencies opened 70 new institutions, adding 69,921 beds at an average cost of $46,758 (Jacobs, 1997). Some states have trouble building prisons fast enough to meet court orders to correct conditions. Because building prisons and adding new beds is costly, states are looking for other ways to manage overcrowding, such as  early release programs, electronic monitoring, keeping prisoners in local jails, and having offenders pay restitution to their victims. Early release gives officials a way to allow prisoners to leave before their sentence is completed. In New York, â€Å"presumptive release† permits the parole board to release offenders on parole after they have served their minimum sentences if they have not caused any problems. Good time or merit time allows the reduction of the sentence time for everyday of good behavior or for participating in particular programs. Felons were sentenced to an average sentence of 71 months in state prisons in 1994 but actually served about 38 % of that sentence (Bender, 1998). The danger in releasing inmates to make more room for new admissions is that some prisoners are violent offenders and should not be let out yet. Another way to deal with overcrowded conditions is for the government to save money by allowing private businesses to perform some government functions (privatization). This policy has largely affected the corrections system, especially as state and federal government face an increasing number of prisoners and , as a result, a growing need to build more prisons. People that are for the privatization of prisons believe that private firms would both improve the quality of services and reduce the costs. A National Institute of Corrections survey in the mid 1980’s found that more than 30 types of services were provided by the private sector (Gaines, 1999). The services most frequently supplied by private enterprise are health services, community treatment centers, facility constructions, educational programs, drug treatment, staff training and counseling. Much of the growth in the prison population can be attributed to the increase in the number of people sent to prison for drugs. In an effort to control overcrowding petty drug offenders should be given treatment or lighter sentences. When I say petty drug offenders I mean drug users and not drug dealers that are a greater threat to society. Maybe if they get treatment they don’t become repeat offenders. Loading our prisons with non violent drug offenders means that today we are committing more non violent offenders to hard time than we are violent criminals, and there is less room left for  violent offenders who should be put away to make society safer. There is a major question whether prison actually helps these drug users. They can usually find drugs in prison and if not they obtain drugs when they get out. It would be better if drug users were put into mandatory treatment programs on top of doing community services. This would help the situation of prison overcrowding while at the same time help those people who are involved in these treatment programs. There is a major problem when drug addicted people are put into prison and cannot get help they help. Prisoners sentenced for drug offenses made up the single largest group of federal inmates, 60% (Currie, 1998). This is a problem and inmates who are convicted of drug offenses should be made to participate in these programs. Most of these drug treatment programs at federal institutions have been ineffective and poorly run. In 1995, according to the Criminal Institute, about 13.2% of inmates participated in drug programs (Jacobs, 1995). The New York Times reported that, although 1 in 6 inmates receive some kind of treatment, only about 2 % have the kind of service rehabilitation that changes the inmates behaviors for a lifetime (Jacobs, 1995). Most of the participants end up recidivists. The most effective programs take many months but reduce the re-arrest rate greatly. Drug treatment advocates say that drug treatment programs could be provided for much less than the amount spent to build more prisons. A lot of average Americans think people in prisons are all hardened criminals. In reality, the prisons are filled wall to wall with drug abusers and mentally ill that need treatment instead of incarceration. They can change with the right help. In stead of building new prisons, the government should spend half that money on treatment programs. These programs would benefit society more than new prisons would. The third major issue that I would like to talk about deals with the problem of drug trafficking in prisons. It is a major problem when inmates can easily obtain drugs in prison. Many inmates who are constantly in and out of prison, see prison as a vacation from the rough streets. (Cose, 2000). This is because prisoners get three meals a day, free room and board, and are  able to purchase drugs. Prisons should be drug free and inmates should not be able to get high. It is hard to regulate drugs in prisons because in order to do so you would have to search everyone going in, keep all packages out, and lock inmates in their cells for 24 hours a day. With more and more inmates in prison for possessing and dealing drugs there is already a market and it is hard to keep drugs out. There are also too many corrections officers that go to work everyday and do all the drug pushing, making it hard to find the dealers. To address this problem of drugs availability in prisons more states are staging surprise lock downs and raids to stem the amount of drugs. This has proved to work but it is hard to do all the time because it involves a lot of man power. Another way in which in authorities try to keep drugs out of prisons is to use undercover officers. By using undercover officers in prisons you have an opportunity to get to the main source of the drugs coming in. The only problem with working on the inside to uncover drug trafficking is that it is very dangerous. Both the undercover officers, and surprise raids and lock downs are good way to regulate the amount of drugs in prisons. These issues that I have discussed are the major problems in the correctional system of the United States. These issues have to be addressed rapidly to better our society as a whole. These problems are not going to go away overnight and we, as voters in a democratic society must elect people that are going to take action and deal with these problems. Bibliography Bender, David. Does Capital Punishment Deter Crime Greenhaven press, CA 1998. Cose, Ellis. Newsweek-â€Å"America’s Prison Generations†. November 13, 2000 Currie, Elliot. Crime and Punishment in America. Henry Holt and Company, NY 1998 Gaines, Ann. Prisons. Chelsea House, Philadelphia 1999. Jacobs, Nancy. Prisons and Jails: A Deterrent to Crime? Information Plus, Texas 1995.